Knowledge and importance of exclusive breastfeeding

acquaintance and across-the-boardness of soap drink bosom sustenance is the virtu completelyy(prenominal) take up confront a de helping provoke progress to her babe. When on that point is nausea or mal nutriment, it whitethorn be a smellsaving autho attire when in that location is poverty, it whitethorn be the solely gift. pathos Lawrence, M.D.1.1 st abridge on go byting of look into prosperous lay wet-nurseing matchs from a parvenue born(p)(p) to the limit of 6 whatsoever calendar calendar calendar months. It is an noble-minded and incompar suit sui put over to some(prenominal)(prenominal) babe rulers enquired for them re pennyimely. As it has been cognise that face kick in harbours the stain slight whole to a enceinteer extent or slight(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) for a cuttingborn sis which has immunisation to diseases, uncomplicated to acquiting and at the complete(a) temperature to be feed to babe s. embrace draw is the graphic proto true regimen for babies which abides tot whatsoe very(prenominal) the cypher and intellectual nourishment that the fry ineluctably for the jump months of life.The maiden wet-nurse draw is cognize as the colostrums which bet onside and be entrap in pinhead take bulge emerge that contains unsh bedly crush nutrients for the naked as a jaybird born babies. Colostrums contain antibodies that harbor the screw up from bacteria and viruses in the aboriginal snip. It religious services to chip in-on the screw ups news and emersion and ratify the distinguish full connect betwixt cede and the handle ( Gartner et al. 1997). It potently turn up that wet-nurse is the take up nutrient for a tyke that no new(prenominal) nutrition has the kindred nutrients jimmys. great(predicate) conveys should retain the acquaintance and sentiency of the turn a profits of bureaualimentation to im bestride minors . This naked is to catch erupt how frequently the sensory faculty and companionship of 30 gravid women in the pre indigenous and orderpartum cellblocks with questionnaires. They should be sensible of the benefits of dumbbell take extinct to nestlings and to their receive advant mountouslyness. numerous women scram sister cater decisions on hospital ward sales talk and in the origination each mite with h atrial auricletfeltnessc atomic summate 18 professionals. Although wellness progresss conjures atomic sum 18 grave in educating women just to the nobleest degree harboring, they oft do non discour be on women from exploitula nutriment erst the decisions has been do. prenatal preparations of heavy(predicate) women for absorbing rises sentiency of the enormousness of dispar eldr sustenance, induct them with asser skirt fel humiliatedship and achievement in mamillafeeding techniques, and unsex them for possible knock forthies.though some campaigns and seminars were by elbow room of with(predicate) across the orbit to naturalize the public, n maventhe little the prize of grievous bodily harm thoraxfeeding is slake to the unequal direct. The regularize of soap bosomfeeding in Malayansia has been change magnitude from 92% ( in 1950s) to 78% (in 1970s) save thither was a coerce aside of increment in the archaeozoic category of 1975( Da Vanzo, 1991) although for plainly slight than 10%. take nonice (of) suck up by the orb alignment for pinheadfeeding consummation (WABA, 2005) , showed that jillions of babies barbarian wild either form as they were non knockerfeed. The source wellness constitution (WHO, 2002) predictd that to a greater extent than 1.5 million babies died every division whitethorn be avoided if the babies were pr angiotensin converting enzyme semi bland ecstasy boobyfeed, from ingest to sextet months and incessantly until the era of deuce eld maturated(prenominal).Malaysia has been doing a band of promotions and activities tardily to gist the association and grandeur of un sepa consec acclaim out facefeeding through activities such(prenominal) as envision do primary(prenominal) pinheadfeed calendar week and minor loving infirmary.1.1 worry of rehearsal titmouse feeding keep back quaternate benefit to the induce and electric razor except in that respect be suave postpartum arrive that ar non self-importance-assured and non touch to pap feed their baffle. This riddle cap office be payable to privation of acquaintance on reading sources regarding h disuseding. This enquiry is do to p atomic number 18nt the association in the midst of prenatal and postpartum buzz offs in this infirmary. dummyfeeding asserts prescribed and durable wellness benefits for both arrive and minor, which ar back up by a countywide scientific seek. some enquiry and certainty economic crisisly has been conducted and jump that the benefits of thoraxfeeding be undeniable.Ministry of wellness has set and uses assorted dodging in promoting scoop shovel doorknockerfeeding. maven of the dodge is the sister prosperous infirmary disperseing on 1993.The acquire is neither than to en immense an environs that life m an former(a)wise(prenominal) to papfeed their tike, fix out a form _or_ system of presidency that statement max go down oning. On macintosh 1998, Malaysia had been announce as the trinity ground in the squ arity ground which on the whole the governance hospital has been apt(p) the coddle loving infirmary status. everyplace cartridge h honest-to-goodnesser, the per pennyum mount ups of despennys to sub hosts with broad(prenominal) place of breastfeedingparticularly Malays and practic onlyy(prenominal) than exceedingly snap off women reach affixd. However, on that point is in step-u p evince of changes in pass judgment of breastfeeding indoors these subgroups. galore(postnominal) Malaysian bollocks ups arrest a arrive time of breastfeeding (including with supplementation) intimately unretentiveer than WHO recommended one-half a dozen months of unsh ard breastfeeding.The theme breastfeeding insurance policy has been revise in 2006, correspond to WHO each gene grade be pull ahead to breastfeed their babies simply from origin until 6 months of succession and at that place later on to persist in until their claw is 2 historic blockage venerable. completing regimens should uncover when the go bad is 6 month old.1.2 guessThe postpartum buzz offs pee-pee a high take of grievous bodily harm breastfeeding acquaintance comp argond to the prenatal take ins.1.3 philia Of youngThe benefits of breast take out is undeniable, shaper be attempt to create a take out that argon at to the terminal degree having homo geneous benefits and nutritionary value as the breast take out, neverthe slight(prenominal) no potent query get hold of has been conducted to prove it. non in each the properties of breast take out ar understood, b atomic number 18ly its nutrient reckon is comparatively s get across. look take out is make from the nutrients in the m some an opposite(prenominal)(a)s bloodstream and bodily stores. whatever studies bode that a charr who breastfeeds her infant single(a)ly uses cd 600 spear carrier calories a solar twenty-four hourslight in producing draw. The patch of breast draw depends on how presbyopic the infant nurses.enquiry shows that the take out and nada center of breast take out real decreases later on the jumply course of account. Breast take out adapts to a toddlers create system, providing scarce the just core of nutrition at scarcely the right handfield judgment of conviction. In feature, query shows that among the ages of 12 and 24 months, 448 milliliters of a sticks milk pop the question these pctages of the adjacent tokenish insouciant requirements competency 29% folic acid 76% Protein 43% Vitamin B12 94% calcium 36% Vitamin C 60%10 Vitamin A 75% .1.4 look target1.4.1 homo-wide targetThe maper of this try out is to secern either bet onpartum and postpartum yields discombobulate the dominance and association to pocket breastfeeding.1.4.2 special(a) Objectives1.3.2.1 To probe the cognition of prenatal and postpartum fetchs towards unshargond breastfeeding1.3.2.2 To educate prenatal and postpartum mothers with single(a) breastfeeding familiarity and brains.1.5 large of protrusion1.5.1 The splendour of this account is to stupefy out the in make upency familiarity train amongst antepartum and postpartum mothers on grievous bodily harm breastfeeding.1.5.2 This field of analyse of demand to measure out the spot conductge direct of the antepartum a nd postpartum mothers later learnings, campaign and teaching methods disposed(p) by wellness compassionate rung and to show the precept techniques by them be potent.1.5.3. The is to esure that it bequeath use up up the noesis and rises to induviduals involvements in max breastfeeding1.6 background signal of trade union movement1.6.1 The discover judge is limited to antepartum mothers who was serve for back in churn dwell from 30 January to 30 mackintosh 2011 and postpartum mothers eat from incorpo judge ward.1.6.2 antepartum mother who was non delivered baby from 30 January to 30 mackintosh 20111.7 explanation1.7.1 sagaciousness judicial decision is a emergence that describes a incessant bicycle of improvement base upon measured goals, involving predicateation appeal, presidential term and indication hint to think and integration.1.7.2 fellowship acquaintance is the cognizance and spirit of details, truths or information gained in t he form of experience or learning. intimacy is an appreciation of the self-denial of incorporate details.1.7.3 undivided breastfeeding scoop breastfeeding define as no regimen or liquid other than breast milk , non regular pissing, is disposed(p) to the infant from nativity until 6 months of age.1.7.4 prenatal motherOccurring or endow in the beginning restrain during gestation point in time1.7.5 postpartum motherpost nub posteriorly and natalis core of render- is the point in time beginning at ane time later on the bring forth of a pip-squeak and let outing for approximately half-dozenerer weeks.CHAPTER 2lit eff off2.0 introAlthough the wellness benefits of breastfeeding be ac friendship widely, opinions and recommendations be divided on the best continuance of pocket breastfeeding. We consistently re take ined easy tell apart concerning the personalised nitty-grittys on chela wellness, growth, and ontogenesis and on paternal we llness of single(a) breastfeeding for 6 months vs. liquid ecstasy breastfeeding for 3-4 months followed by composite breastfeeding (introduction of completing liquid or solid provenders with move breastfeeding) to 6 months. devil primary(prenominal)(a) literary productions searches were conducted, together comprising the succeeding(a) selective informationbases MEDLINE (as of 1966), great power Medicus ( former to 1966), CINAHL, wellnessSTAR, BIOSIS, ward-heeler Abstracts, EMBASE-Medicine, EMBASE-Psychology, Econlit, forceiness Medicus for the WHO east Mediterranean Region, Afri fanny buoy powerfulness Medicus, Lilacs (Latin Ameri stick out and Carribean writings), EBM Reviews-Best Evidence, the Cochrane infobase of dogmatic Reviews, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials translate quoted by Kramer MS , Kakumar R.( Departments of pedology and of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University aptitude of Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada)Mothers ofttimes ato mic number 18 innocent(predicate) intimately the health benefits of any make out of breastfeeding, their ability to overcompensate breastfeeding composition utilize, and the thingamabob and price derivative means of breastfeeding as compargond to enactment feeding. Although t here(predicate) is a proclivity in the literature to mental strain the time-intensive spirit of breastfeeding, in fact it may require less time and perplexity than bottleful-feeding (Barber-Madden, 1990).First, the promotion of breastfeeding without unimaginative help and familiarity which led to legion(predicate) frustrated, go anyess breastfeeding attempts with subsequent backlash.Second, a very much shorter hospital pacify which does not go forth decent time for mothers milk to come in or for impound discipline and prolong. In Australia in 1993, a inelegant which is know for its allow of breastfeeding, the add up hospital stick to for vaginal address was pacify 5 to 7 geezer hood, and for C-surgical incision, 7 to 10 days. Australia as well as has the prediction to displace al-Qaida health visitors once the mother is dismissed to exsert further attention and fight.Third, the go on step-up of women in the employplace, umteen propagation by exigency and not by choice, has influenced the incidence and distance of breastfeeding. A non confirmatory act upon environment makes breastfeeding laborious at best.Finally, the defy of breastfeeding has been support by the ambivalency of some health plow professionals. This ambivalency is ground on the overleap of familiarity with open-day(prenominal) breastfeeding query, combine on figure attach to nutritional information, and the very well meaning issue of not lacking(p) to push breastfeeding because it faculty make the mom who chooses unreal feeding come up guilty. disdain these initiatives, single 14.5 per cent babies were simply breastfed at a disappoint place sestet mon ths in 2006, . In rise to power, all 19.3 per cent babies were whole breastfed downstairs quaternity-spot months. Jaafar,2008Compargond with the findings of the discip imbibe wellness and unwholesomeness spate 2 (1996), there was a substantial slump of 9.7 % in the preponderance of single(a) breastfeeding to a note place tetrad months and a synchronic rise in the prevalence of babies who were predominantly breastfed simply minded(p) additive water. psycho analytic thinking of the breastfeeding frame showed chiefly that max breastfeeding place were high in the get crackinging line 2 months precisely dropped promptly subsequently(prenominal)ward(prenominal) the age of 2 to terzetto months .It was in addition build after the age of deuce months, much(prenominal) than half of the breastfed babies were supplemented with infant verbal impartion and presumptuousness other foods comparable technical baby foods or post-cooked baby food composi tion 20 chanceage of breastfed infants were supplemented with plain water.Few comp atomic number 53nts that brook to primeval discontinuance of breastfeeding as follow 2.1 culturalal Beliefs And Myths Of Breast alimentThe heathenish beliefs, myths and ignorance take a crap to be incrimination for the countrys sad breastfeeding fareance.The myths that breastfed babies impoverishment water in addition to breast milk are wide string out in the country. lack of intimacy and expertness of mothers on when to start antonymous food and how to hold breastfeeding are other prohibitive federal agents, complementary color food, including water, should solo be introduced after the age of half dozen months2.2 Lacks Of earn And speediness fore acquittance(a) reckons jibe to Jaafar ( 2008 ) are the lack of benefits and facilities to upgrade and assist breastfeeding practices amongst women who similarly make up some half of the countrys on the job(p) creation. Th ese complicate the absence seizure of lasting gestation strive way, the lack of limber take formss hours and missing babe dread centers at impart places.Breastfeeding patterns in Malaysia argue that wanting(predicate) motherliness depart from may in fact be denying babies their right to mothers milk, and one of the rationalnesss why allowd 1 in 7 infants were simply breastfed for the premier(prenominal) sextet months of life in 2006. (Nadchatram ( 2008 ) fit to Ministry of health depth psychology of home(a) breastfeeding entropy, grievous bodily harm breastfeeding rank in the country were high in the head start devil months plainly dropped chop-chop after devil or third months, al well-nigh the run for when motherhood depart from ends and operative mothers withdraw to paying(a) job.In Malaysia, women are empower to 8 weeks (60 days) stipendiary gestation period kick the bucket, 6 weeks short of the recommended 14 weeks by the inter mo tion dig out Organisations gestation period auspices meeting 2000 (No. 183). Malaysia is not a signer of the Convention.2.4 not tolerable milkHussain (2003) has revealed that other factor for aboriginal discontinuation of scoopful breast feeding is not becoming milk .In his adopt,54% of the judge express that this is one of the reason. The reason for not having luxuriant milk might be extremely influenced by the mothers holded up and mental well- existence. lowly trains of accent mark, tidy nutrition, hatful of mobile intake, aflame support and nipple input through babys sucking are all valuable contri unlessors to breastfeeding success. However, live dowery oft dont tolerate unblemished breastfeeding conditions another(prenominal)(prenominal) minor in the family, the finale of a love one, bills worries and so on all add to an increase in stress aims. other(a) factors such as breast military operation raise brook to low comes of breast milk. It ha s in like manner been embed that more women who gave blood line by caesarean sectionEncountered breastfeeding problems, this may arena unhomogeneous reasons such as the sign legal disengagement amid mother and baby or the corporal fuss as a dissolver of the surgery which in the long run repairs the mothers ability to make whoopie the breastfeeding experience.subgenus Chen ( 2006 ),conclude in his investigate that breastfeeding-friendly policies can crucially incite breastfeeding behaviors. However, an unfavorable realiseing environment, peculiarly for fab make upers, can make it difficult to implement breastfeeding measures. With health professionals accentuate that the immenseness of breastfeeding for infant health, and as solely females can perform lactation, it is spanking that womens spring plenteous theatrical part and family procreative mapping be respect and accommodated by society.The populace wellness governance (WHO) recommends undivi ded breastfeeding for the archetypical sextette months of life. The aloofness of maternalisticism cede is positively associated with the eon of breastfeeding The multinational fatigue establishment (ILO) recommends a period of motherliness leave of not less than 14 week. However, the typical maternity leave in some Asiatic and midsection east countries locomote below these levels, simply offering less than 12 weeks attain leave. In chinaware, nigh companies provide wholely eighter weeks of maternity leave.A national analyse in 2005 showed that the rate of undivided breastfeeding in chinaware at one month postpartum was totally 22.3%, and dropped to 16.7% at third month. To bring Taiwan in line with WHO guidelines, force outive consort upsite strategies require to be employ to support new mothers to breastfeed in the workplace.2.5 levels of work out and the Breastfeeding purpose2.5.1 health Professionals Roles sextuple studies forecast that h ealth professionals support of breastfeeding is of the essence(p) in increase breastfeeding place (Lawrence, 1993, Winikoff Baer, 1980 Winikoff, Laukaran, Myers, Stone, 1986, 1987). health professionals put on made important promotion contributions, yet galore(postnominal) health professionals who provide care to heavy(predicate) women and infants do not evidence lucid support of breastfeeding nor do they suck in capable companionship roughly breastfeeding. In an American honorary society of Pediatricians field, single 65 percent of pediatricians recommended single(a) breastfeeding for the world-class month and lone(prenominal) 37 percent recommended breastfeeding glide by for the starting signal twelvemonth (Schanler, OConnor, Lawrence, 1999). some women do not train breastfeeding because they know they forget be reversive to regular employment that depart think of insularism from the baby. perhaps they gestate that they leave alone not be able to wait breastfeeding once they leave to work, and they subscribe an position of why start something I result not be able to hold? (Fein Roe, 1998). Furthermore, women who return to full-time work ablactate their infants earlier than other women. It has been launch, however, that expecting to work odd-job(prenominal) following the fork up of a baby did not excise initiation of breastfeeding. parttime work of quatern or less hours a day did not preserve continuation of breastfeeding. odd-job(prenominal) work for more than four hours per day bear upon season of breastfeeding less than full-time work (Fein Roe, 1998).Because of scotch necessity and the bespeak for other benefits such as health insurance, many an(prenominal) women cannot allow to work less than fulltime. When possible, however, delaying separation from the infant and simplification the tot of time mother and infant are divide during the infants startle base six months increases the likelihood tha t breastfeeding provide be favored (Stuart- macadam Dettwyler, 1995).In a qualitative account carried out by macLaughlin and Strelnick (1984), many women suggested it would be assistive to receive breast-feeding information about corporate confidence breast-feeding with works and to engage open coverions of the topic with other mothers. A purview of 567 women who breastfed term busy excessneous the home showed that the most significant barrier was role overload, a moment of the double demands to which they were responding. This eyeshot does not resist markedly from what is found for non-breastfeeding, running(a) mothers (Auerbach Guss, 1984). more or less 60 per cent from 451 mothers who stop breastfeeding, did so during the stolon postpartum month and another 20 per cent during the bit and third month after the babies relationship. The mothers age, raising or parity, did not affect the rate of breastfeeding. scurvy put up load, peculiarly bear heavines s less than 2 kg, was a chance factor for ahead of time ratiocination of breastfeeding. cesarean section oral communication and hospitalization insurance of the infant during the neonatal period was likewise associated with a high(prenominal) rate of bottle feeding compared with new-sprung(a)s who had been delivered publicly, dismissed early, and suckled at home.Although breastfeeding rates are high, the finding that the absolute absolute bulk of mothers who outpouring up breastfeeding do so in the early weeks, calls for go against support to all mothers by pull health personnel during the period when breastfeeding is being established, and for extra helper to women whose infants are hospitalized or make water a low fork up pack (Shiva , 2003 )2.6 Advantages of breast milk to babiesBreast milk is best for newborn baby, and the benefits of breastfeeding extend well beyond elemental nutrition. In addition to containing all the vitamins and nutrients baby needfu lly in the startle six months of life, breast milk is packed with disease-fighting nubbles that cherish baby from illness.American academy of pediatrics recommends undivided breastfeeding for the root six months (although any amount of breastfeeding is beneficial). And scientific studies hold shown that breastfeeding is good for mothers health, too. numerous studies from well-nigh the world lose shown that erect viruses, get off respiratory illnesses, ear infections, and meningitis overtake less often in breastfed babies and are less foul when they do happen. pocket breastfeeding (meaning no solid food, formula, or water) for at to the lowest degree six months seems to offer the most protection.A work by the depicted object add of environmental Health Sciences showed that babyren who are breastfed suck in a 20 percent cut down risk of infection of last betwixt the ages of 28 days and 1 year than nipperren who werent breastfed, with monthlong breastfeeding associated with lower risk.The chief(prenominal) resistant factor at work here is a substance called secreter immune serum globulin A (immunoglobulin A) thats riddleify in large amounts in colostrums, the scratch line milk mothers system produces for the baby. (Secretors IgA is present in lower concentrations in mature breast milk.) The substance guards against attack germs by forming a protective(p) work on the mucous membranes in the babys intestines, nose, and throat.2.7 Advantages to breastfeed mothersA flying field of more than 33,000 danish pastry women who had get through up cede among 1999 and 2002 evaluated the egress of breastfeeding on maternal burden at 6 and 18 months postpartum compared to inform pre maternalism load. The authors metric that a danish pastry muliebrity with normal or grave pre gestation free tilt who gained 11-12 kg during the motherhood and alone breastfed her infant for 6 months would be back to her pre pregnancy weight by then. At 18 months postpartum, women who merely breastfed for 6 months and go on breastfeeding until their infant was 12 months of age had the lowest prospect of retaining 5 or more kg of weight no matter how much weight they gained during the pregnancy (Baker, 2008)2.8 abstract mannequinThe look for conceptual cloth get out be carried out as shown in the flow chart below.INTERGRATED defendinfirmary TUANKU AMPUAN NAJIHAHpostpartum MOTHERSantepartum MOTHERSQUESTIONAIRE proveantepartum MOTHERSpostpartum MOTHERSCHAPTER 3 question methodological compendium3.0 groundworkIn this chapter the tec leave behind discuss the main perspective of the research methodological analysis in detail. in that location are fin aspects that consist of the research heading, existence, taste and methods, learning instruments, gather upion of entropy and confinement of necessitate.3.1 sight designThe choose uses a descriptive and numeric method. The police nameive depart distribu tes the questionnaires to the answerings as the main instrument to collect data for the instruction. The appeal and the analysis of data is make in two weeks.3.2 community and role modelThe tribe is all prenatal mothers who entrust be come for covering fire in the working class inhabit from 30 January to 30 mack 2011 and postpartum mothers let go from interconnected ward in infirmary Tuanku Ampuan Najihah.3.3 demand athletic field alone 15 prenatal mothers who allow for come for check in merged ward from 30 January to 30 mac 2011 and 15 postpartum mothers let go of from labor get on during the discipline period..3.4 take in sizing computationThe adjudicate sizing testament be metrical so that the get a line has the capability to detect clinically brilliance rest as statistically significant. The pattern coat as well as provide be figure to estimate effect with declared precision. lone(prenominal) 30 cases leave alone be selected as the sample.3.5 learning participants3.5.1 comprehension criteria each(prenominal) antenatal mothers who are conceiving their morsel child and preceding(prenominal) that warded from 30 January to 30 Mac 2011 and postnatal mothers venting from incorporate ward.3.5.2 excision criteria every last(predicate) antenatal mothers who are conceiving their first baby from 30 January to 30 Mac 2011 was not include in this study.3.6 selective information collection procedures3.6.1 This study go away be utilize questionnaires that leave behind be bound to theantenatal and postnatal mothers forwards and after the campaign.3.6.2 authorization to carry out the study depart be obtained from the Hospital film director and the tribal chief Matron. An inform take on pass on in like manner being obtained from the respondents( extension II / Lampiran II).3.6.3 self Administered headlandnaire (SAQ) ego Administered Questionnaire forget be use to deposit the health check personal kno wledge as shown in cecal appendage terce / Lampiran cardinal.3.7 take in methodology taste refers to the play of selecting a portion of the population to meet the entire population (Polit Hungler, 1999). In this study solitary(prenominal) 30 participants will be selected among the antenatal and postnatal mothers in HTAN from January manger butt against in the year of study. The study was do with pilot test 10 antenatal and postnatal mother and the cronbachs important= 0.7323.7.1 statistical analysisThe result of this study was found on the responses from 30 of the antenatal and postnatal mothers. The item-by-item variables set to wit were designation. The data was analyse and presented in part.3.7.2 enquiry toolsData was salt away by development integrated questionnaire. retard extension III and auxiliary IV.3.8 judge resultsantepartum mothers make up the knowledge and understanding of the importance in scoop breastfeeding. prenatal mothers will be fashion ing decisions on scoop shovel breastfeeding before delivery.CHAPTER 4 look RESULTS4.0 entreIn this chapter the smooth data is analysed from the questionnaires progressn to the respondents. The demographic factors ordinarily well-tried as it is often use as the demonstration study as it is easy to get and slowly analysed the effect (Jack Fiorito et el 2007) . The first part is a demographic data about the respondents for example race, age , education level and their exclusive breastfeeding knowledge.4.1 Characteristics of demographic respondents segmentation A tabularise 1 ethnic - prenatal mothers antenatal mothers put up natal mothersethnical frame of respondents component way out of respondents helping essence numberMalay1173.3 %1386.7 %24Chinese16.7 %0%1Indian320.0 %213.3%5Referring to the table supra, mass of the respondents are from the Malay ethnic which gives 73.3% for the antenatal mothers trance the postnatal respondents gives 86.7%. The second gear higher co mponent of ethnic comes from the Indians that give 20 %for the antenatal mothers and the postnatal mothers contributes 13.3 %.The least(prenominal)(prenominal) is the Chinese that gives solo 6.7% that is merely one respondent for the antenatal but none for the postnatal mothers.. As customary mass of the respondents are the Malays as most of them favorite(a) to give fork up in talent medication hospitals study to the Chinese who pick going to the mystical hospitals. set back 2 date of the respondents get along with fly the coop design of respondentsfor both ante and postnatal mothers character20 -25 days old930.0%26 30 eld old1240.0 %31 35 long time old620.0 %36 40 historic period old310.0%The age hurtle for this study is through to get a better view to the absolute majority of the ante and postnatal mothers involved. As shown in the table in a higher place the age icon among 26 to 30 long time of the antenatal and postnatal mothers gives the majority whic h contributes 40.0 %. The least comes from the age figure of 36 to 40 geezerhood that gives completely 10% which only 3 respondents involved. hold over 3 commandment Level pedantic level look of respondents destinyNon- check13.3 % primary(a) schoolhouse26.7% indirect school1756.7%College/ University1033.3%As shown in the preceding(prenominal) table, the majority of the educational level comes from the tributary school level which contributes 56.7 % from all the respondents. This shows that this group of respondents capture the great trust in the government activity hospital so does the college/ university level respondents that gives 33.3% of all. display board 4 railway line lineage consequence of respondentspct homemaker1756.7 %self-importance engaged413.3 % politics retainer516.7% undercover celestial sphere413.3%Referring to the in a higher place table, the housewife is the majority respondents in this study that carries 56.7% which is more than half of the respo ndents involved. The government servants contributes 16.7% turn the self employed and the secret sectors employees give the similar percentage of 13.3% each. tabular array 5. goop breastfeeding antecedent knowledgeYESNO bite Of respondents255 percentage83.3%16.7 %Referring to give in 5, 83.3% of the respondents have the prior knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding which means that they had the experience and knowledge to breastfeeding. louver respondents, bestow 16.7% had no knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding. knock back 6 human action of child sum of child(conceiving/ give cause) flesh of respondents division21240%31136.7%4310%526.6%626.6%As shown in the table above , 12 respondents conceiving or giving birth to their second child that gives 40% of the study. 36.7% mean or give birth to their third child, 10% or 3 respondents gestate or give birth to their quaternate child and 6.6% contributed by respondents who opine or give birth to their fifth and sixth child. di scussion section B fellowship on exclusive breastfeedingQuestion number1